Experiments on wheat using potassium humate and potassium yellow humate, With the increase of saline-alkali concentration, the germination potential and germination rate of wheat showed a downward trend, the inhibitory effect of plant height and root length increased, the relative water content continued to decrease, and the malondialdehyde content of stems and leaves continued to increase, indicating that the persecution of wheat increased.

Under the same degree of salinity, the use of potassium humate and potassium fulvic acid can alleviate the effects of saline-alkali stress on wheat seed germination and seedling growth to a certain extent, and the comprehensive effect of potassium fulhumate is better.

The problem of saline-alkali soil has become a major challenge to global agricultural development, and its negative impact on crop growth runs through the entire growth cycle, from inhibiting seed germination and delayed seedling growth to hindering the development of maturity, which ultimately leads to a significant reduction in crop yield and seriously restricts agricultural production efficiency and sustainable development.

As an important component of soil organic matter, humic acid has a unique physiological function that can not only improve soil, but also enhance plant stress resistance. In the field of saline-alkali stress, the alleviating effect of humic acid on wheat growth has been verified.

With the increase of saline-alkali concentration, the stronger the saline-alkali stress, the lower the germination potential and germination rate. Under moderate and severe saline-alkali conditions, potassium humate could improve the germination potential and germination rate of wheat seeds, potassium humate and potassium fulvic could alleviate the negative effects of saline-alkali stress on wheat seed germination to a certain extent, and potassium humate showed certain advantages compared with potassium yellow humate in improving the germination potential and germination rate of wheat seeds.

As the saline-alkali concentration increases, the inhibition of wheat plant height growth deepens, resulting in a gradual reduction in plant height. Under the same saline-alkali conditions, wheat plants treated with potassium humate and potassium fulvate showed increased height compared to those without additives. This promoting effect was most pronounced under mild and moderate saline-alkali stress. Potassium humate can effectively alleviate the inhibition of wheat plant height growth caused by saline-alkali stress and significantly promote its increase; moreover, potassium fulvate demonstrates a more effective result.

Under mild saline-alkali conditions, wheat plant height performed best with potassium fulvic acid；the use of potassium fulvicate and potassium fulvic acid could significantly increase the growth potential of wheat under saline-alkali stress, even better than that of wheat without saline-alkali stress, laying a good foundation for subsequent plant photosynthesis, material accumulation and yield.

With the increase of saline-alkali concentration, the inhibitory effect of wheat root growth showed an intensifying trend, and the use of potassium humate and potassium fulvic acid could alleviate the effects of saline-alkali stress to a certain extent. Under mild saline-alkali conditions, potassium humate and potassium fulvic could effectively offset the stress stress of saline-alkali on wheat roots, and significantly promoted the growth of wheat roots.

With the increase of saline-alkali concentration, the total fresh weight, stem and leaf weight, and root fresh weight of wheat plants showed a significant downward trend, and the total fresh weight, stem and leaf weight, and root weight of wheat plants using potassium humate and potassium fulvic acid were higher than those of unused wheat under the same saline-alkali conditions. It was shown that potassium humate and potassium fulvic acid could effectively alleviate mild saline-alkali stress. Under moderate salt stress, the total fresh weight, stem and leaf weight, and root fresh weight of wheat plants using potassium fulvicate increased the most, and the differences between different treatments were not significant in the environment of severe salinity, which may be due to the high salinity environment exceeding its regulatory threshold. In general, under the same saline-alkali conditions, the total fresh weight, stem and leaf fresh weight, and root fresh weight of wheat treated with potassium fulvic acid were higher than those treated with potassium humate.

Plant tissue moisture content is one of the important indicators to measure the degree of plant stress, which has a crucial direct impact on plant growth, stomatal opening and closing, photosynthetic function and even final crop yield. When the water content of plant tissues is reduced to a certain extent, irreversible permanent damage will occur, which will seriously affect the normal physiological activities of plants. With the increase of saline-alkali concentration, the relative water content of wheat plants showed a downward trend. Plants are aggravated by saline-alkali stress, resulting in a decrease in their relative water content.

There is little difference under moderate and severe salinity. Under the same saline-alkali conditions, the relative water content of wheat plants was as follows: wheat using potassium fulvicate> wheat using potassium humate > wheat without wheat, but there was little difference in the water content of wheat using potassium fulvicate and potassium humate, indicating that the effects of potassium humate and potassium fulvic in regulating the relative water content of wheat plants under saline-alkali stress were similar.

When plants are stressed by stress, the balance of reactive oxygen species in the body is disrupted, triggering the peroxidation reaction of membrane lipids, which in turn causes damage to the cell membrane system. Malondialdehyde is the main end product of lipid peroxidation of plant cell membranes, and the higher its content, the more serious the degree of lipid peroxidation of plant cell membranes, and the greater the damage to cell membranes.

Heavily saline soils can exacerbate cell membrane lipid peroxidation and cause severe damage to wheat cell membranes. Under mild and moderate saline-alkali conditions, the malondialdehyde content of wheat stems and leaves was as follows: potassium fulvicate< potassium humate < wheat without added, and the differences between the treatments were significant, indicating that the protective effect of potassium fulvic acid on cell membranes was more prominent. Under severe saline-alkali conditions, the content of wheat stems and leaves was as follows: potassium humate

The stress effect can be effectively improved by adding humic acid, in the practice of planting wheat in saline-alkali land, it is recommended to apply potassium humate or potassium fulvic before sowing, both of which are conducive to improving seed germination rate and promoting the growth and development of roots and aboveground parts.